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GCSEC'S SPHERICAL REFLECTIONS EXHIBIT

Revised 2 January 1999

(This exhibit is based on an exhibit description included in the "Exploratorium Cookbook" series.)

On each side of the box are fifty-nine perfectly round mirrors. They are in fact Christmas tree ornaments that are highly polished and therefore made pretty good mirrors. We use flat mirrors every day but don't often look in curved mirrors (unless you drive a truck) and almost never look in mirrors that are spheres.

When you look into a flat mirror you seem to be looking at the entire mirror at once, but in fact your eyes are looking in turn very quickly at different places on the mirror. Imagine looking through a drinking straw at a flat mirror. You will see only a very small part of the mirror surface. If you happen to be looking directly into or perpendicular to the surface of the mirror the image seen is the center of the straw. If you are not looking directly perpendicular to the mirror then you are seeing some other image in the mirror.

When light (from the sun or perhaps from a table lamp) strikes an object such as a door knob, light is reflected off of it. If some of the light reflected off that door knob strikes a mirror, the light is making an angle of incidence with the mirror. The light is going to be reflected off of the mirror at an exactly equal angle of reflection. If you are standing along the angle of reflection you will see the image of the door knob in the mirror. If you are standing between the angle of reflection and the mirror, you will not see the door knob.

Flat mirrors have a relatively small field of view. If you are looking straight into a flat mirror you will only see yourself and objects immediately in front of the mirror. If you are looking from the side into a flat mirror you will only see things on the other side of the mirror, and nothing in front of the mirror.

Curved mirrors have a much greater field of view. As the mirror becomes more curved the field of view increases. However, the image is distorted in that images look smaller than they really are.

DRAW AN IMAGE SUCH AS A PENCIL IN FRONT OF BOTH FLAT AND SPHERICAL MIRRORS. TRACE ANGLES OF LIGHT FOR EACH MIRROR TO DEMONSTRATE WHILE IMAGES APPEAR SMALLER IN SPHERICAL MIRROR.


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